University

  In May 1948 Sister Elizabeth Kenny went to Washington, D.C. for the first time. Kenny, an Australian nurse who had developed a new and controversial method of polio therapy, had been invited to appear as a witness before a Congressional committee investigating scientific research policy. Kenny praised a proposed National Medical Research Foundation to fund research into cancer, polio and degenerative diseases which would be directed by an advisory committee made up of physicians and lay people. And she thoroughly enjoyed her opportunity to challenge officials of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis (or March of Dimes) who were lobbying against the inclusion of polio in any such agency.

"Highlights of Nursing in Virginia" was originally compiled by Mabel E. Montgomery, RN, Katherine R. Gary, RN and Marie Schmidt, RN members of the Special Anniversary Observances Committee of the Virginia Nurses' Association and published in 1975. Under the guidance of Evelyn C. Bacon, Chair of the VNA History Committee, revisions were begun to the "Highlights" in the 1990s. This edition was completed by the Joint History Committee of the Virginia Nurses' Association and the Virginia League of Nursing, under the leadership of Corinne F. Dorsey in November of 2000.

The most primitive electrical and magnetic phenomena -- the attraction of dry light material such as chaff to rubbed amber, and the attraction of iron to loadstone -- were no doubt observed before recorded history began. However, as far as I can find, these phenomena were not recorded by the Egyptians or any other pre-Greek civilization. The first definite statement is by Thales of Miletus (about 585B.C.) who said loadstone attracts iron because it has a soul. The prevailing view at the time was that movement of any kind indicated life, or a soul, or a god. In fact, it was advanced thinking on Thales’ part to think that the loadstone’s moving of the iron was caused by itself rather than by the intervention of some god. Actually Miletus was a very multicultural environment -- a flourishing commercial city in Asia Minor (now part of Turkey), trading with Babylon and also Egypt, where Thales travelled. This mixture of cultures meant that there was not a strongly repressive religious orthodoxy, as was often the case in primitive (and not so primitive) societies, so freedom of inquiry was tolerated. Sad to report, this did not lead to a more enlightened political system -- it was a slave based society, with bloody rebellion and repression.

This article will tell you about the history of Japanese Mechanical Calculating Machines, mainly those of manual type. A time table is also provided.
Through this article you will have the opportunity to see a typical example of the industrial life cycle including:
Beginning stage: An innovative engineer invents a new technology which starts a new industry.
Growing stage: Many companies get into the new industry under a patent license or after the patent expires. The market is expanded.
Saturation stage: The market becomes saturated, many companies disappear after being merged by larger companies or fail due to the hard competition. A few big companies control the market.
New beginning stage: An innovative engineer invents a new technology.
This life cycle is repeated in many type of industries. You can learn where is your business now within such cycle.

Mathematicians
Adams, John Frank (1930-1989)
Davenport, Harold (1901-1969)
Eddington, Arthur Stanley (1882-1944)
Forsyth, Andrew Russell (1858-1942)
Hardy, Godfrey Harold (1877-1974)
Herman, Robert Alfred (1861-1927)
Jourdain, Philip Edward Bertrand (1879-1919)
Littlewood, John Edensor (1885-1977)
Neville, Eric Harold (1889-1961)
Peacock, George (1791-1858)
Ramanujan, Srinivasa (1887-1920)

The 1930s saw the flowering of a unique mathematical community at Princeton University with the construction of a luxurious new building Fine Hall (now Jones Hall) dedicated to the mathematician and Dean Harry Fine and designed to facilitate a real community of mathematicians engaged in research and closely linked with mathematical physicists in the attached Palmer physics laboratory to which it was connected and shared a joint math-physics library. This community was unlike any other in America before that time and perhaps afterwards, and had important consequences for American mathematics. With the planning and founding of the Institute for Advanced Study at the beginning of the decade, originally having only a mathematics department, which then shared Fine Hall with the university mathematics department as a single institute during the period 1933 to 1939, starting with three of the university's leading mathematicians joined by Einstein and Gödel and attracting many visitors, a very exciting environment developed which many students and faculty were loath to leave.

John Knopfmacher- A Mathematical Biography
Compiled by Doron Lubinsky
John Peter Louis Knopfmacher was born in Johannesburg in 1937. He
attended primary school at Yeoville Boy's School, and high school
at Athlone Boys' High. He majored in Mathematics and Applied
Mathematics in his B.Sc. at Witwatersrand University, scoring
firsts in both, followed by firsts in two successive honours
degrees in Mathematics and Applied Mathematics. In recognition of
his academic merit, he was awarded the Rusterholz Memorial Scholarship
for his M.Sc. and then the J.H. Hofmeyr Postgraduate Scholarship to
complete his Ph.D.

An unusual and attractive edition of Euclid was published in 1847 in England, edited by an otherwise unknown mathematician named Oliver Byrne. It covers the first 6 books of Euclid, which range through most of elementary plane geometry and the theory of proportions. What distinguishes Byrne's edition is that he attempts to present Euclid's proofs in terms of pictures, using as little text - and in particular as few labels - as possible. What makes the book especially striking is his use of colour.

Perseus is an evolving digital library, engineering interactions through time, space, and language. Our primary goal is to bring a wide range of source materials to as large an audience as possible. We anticipate that greater accessibility to the sources for the study of the humanities will strengthen the quality of questions, lead to new avenues of research, and connect more people through the connection of ideas.

Paul Erdös
1913-1996
"My mother said, `Even you, Paul, can be in only one place at one time.'
Maybe soon I will be relieved of this disadvantage.
Maybe, once I've left, I'll be able to be in many places at the same time.
Maybe then I'll be able to collaborate with Archimedes and Euclid."