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Elisha Gray (born in Barnesville, Ohio, on Aug. 2, 1835, died Newtonville, Mass., on Jan. 21, 1901) would have been known to us as the inventor of the telephone if Alexander Graham bell hadn't got to the patent office one hour before him. Instead, he goes down in history as the accidental creator of one of the first electronic musical instruments - a chance by-product of his telephone technology.

Few today are aware of the role that telegraphers played in providing global communications and operating the railroad system in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. These "wizards of the wire" enabled ordinary small-town people to receive news and personal messages from afar; they prevented railroad collisions and enabled trains to run on time.

For those who remember the work of the telegraph operators, the image that comes to mind is generally that of a male, since women, according to a still-common misconception, "didn't do that kind of work." Yet in 1897, B. B. Adams, editor of Railroad Gazette, could state that at railroad stations "where the business has increased enough to warrant the employment of an assistant, a young woman to do the telegraphing is frequently the first helper employed." This website provides research resources for telegraphy and women's participation in this early technical occupation, and also provides links to related sites.

Doubt could be expressed that a special section on late 19th century mathematics, or, more specifically, on Victorian mathematics, was an appropriate place for a lecture on 19th century logic. Most 19th century scholars would have been of the opinion that philosophers are responsible for research on logic. On the other hand, the history of late 19th century logic indicates clearly a very dynamic development instigated not by philosophers, but by mathematicians. The central feature of this development was the emergence of what has been called the "new logic'', "mathematical logic'', "symbolic logic'', or, since 1904, "logistics''. This new logic came from Great Britain, and was created by mathematicians in the second half of the 19th century, finally becoming a mathematical subdiscipline in the early 20th century. This development is, thus, at the heart of Victorian mathematics.

Elisha Gray (b. Aug. 2, 1835, Barnesville, Ohio, U.S. d. Jan. 21, 1901, Newtonville, Mass.), U.S. inventor and contestant with Alexander Graham Bell in a famous legal battle over the invention of the telephone.

The inspiration for this site comes from two sources : an interview with Professor James of Reading University, and a life long interest in the space program. Whilst being interviewed by Prof James when applying for his M.A. course, we got on to the subject of Dan Dare [see my Eagle pages!], and one of the points that he made was that it was inherently improbable that the Spacefleet of the future would have been based in the U.K. - as he puts it in his book, "Science Fiction in the Twentieth Century" [Oxford], "it gave a whole generation of British boys ... a totally false impression that Britain was going to dominate the space race." Similarly, many writers who have tried to establish a Dan Dare timeline [such as Denis Steeper's "Report of the Crytos Commission"] have started a long way back. But I would submit that it was not inconceivable to Frank Hampson in 1949 to imagine that Britain, even it wouldn't "dominate the space race", would still be a considerable player.

First, a few notes on the 14th Part 68 Training Seminar held in Albuquerque on February 18 - 20 , 1998. These seminars, always well-attended, are very important for assuring "experience retention". Human beings are very ephemeral. When they retire, change jobs, or otherwise disappear, their experience goes with them. These seminars have been and will be an excellent means for assuring continuity of information necessary to keep our multi-supplier telecommunications system working.

The name George M. Phelps is best known among collectors of telegraph keys for making a classic camelback style key. This highly sought after key, used by telegraphers during the 19th century to send Morse code, really represents just one small example of his talents as an inventor and machinist. His accomplishments and contributions to the growth of the telegraph industry in the United States during the 19th century were considerable. From humble beginnings as an apprentice machinist in Troy, New York, Phelps would eventually become recognized along with Thomas Edison as being one of the two leading telegraph electro-mechanicians in the country.

The "magnificent little workhorse" Delta rocket is one of the world's most reliable expendable launch vehicles. Delta has been a mainstay of the U.S. rocket stable since its introduction in 1960. This site looks at Delta's development and evolution, contains the most complete and up-to-date flight log available, and gives the latest news and a schedule of upcoming launches.

Quoting from Upside "Our list of the 100 most influential people in the digital age. After much internal cacophony and only a few casualties, UPSIDE's editorial board presents the 1997 edition of the UPSIDE's Elite 100. We chose them from a pool of digerati nominated by a select group of industry analysts and experts (thanks, but no thanks, for all those self-nominations, folks). This year we used a new approach: We rated our virtuosos according to their influence within their industry segment. This keeps skilled newcomers such as Katrina Garnett and Steve Perlman from being drowned out by soloists Andy Grove and Masayoshi Son. Let us know if you enjoy the resulting performance."

Numerous conferences and publications have been devoted to this field, leading to the creation of two new journals, Hyle; International Journal for the Philosophy of Chemistry, and Foundations of Chemistry: Philosophical, Historical, Educational and Interdisciplinary Studies of Chemistry -- the 'official journal' of the ISPC.
This field includes "internal" questions concerning the practices that are unique to chemical research, as well as "external" issues -- addressing the relationship between chemistry and other disciplines.
The intermediate position which chemistry occupies between physics and biology is of particular interest.
There is growing interest is how concepts and insights deriving from the philosophy of chemistry may bear on current and perennial problems in parts of philosophy other than philosophy of science (e.g., metaphysics, philosophy of mind, ...).