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Eighty percent of the scientists who have ever lived are alive today. More surprisingly, the same statement could have been made one, two, or even three centuries ago. Not only has science been expanding rapidly since the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century, it has emerged as a dominant force in our culture. This suggests why many educators have realized that an understanding of the evolution of science and of its influence on our society is a vital part of education. Study of the history of science provides just such understanding.
This introduction of the History of Science by Michael J. Crowe offers undergraduates a description of the field and a rationale for why this subject is interesting and important. The story gains perspective by quotes papered throughout the essay from scholars who have previously commented on the history of science. The site also answers popular questions undergrads might ask and suggests questions for discussion and reflection.
Eric Weisstein's World of Science contains budding encyclopedias of astronomy, scientific biography, chemistry, and physics.
This resource has been assembled over more than a decade by internet encyclopedist Eric W. Weisstein with assistance from the internet community.
Eric Weisstein's World of Science is written and maintained by the author as a public service for scientific knowledge and education. Although it is often difficult to find explanations for technical subjects that are both clear and accessible, this web site bridges the gap by placing an interlinked framework of mathematical exposition and illustrative examples at the fingertips of every internet user.
This site serves as the hub to several Eric Weisstein encyclopedic science websites. From this page, a user can access sites on astronomy, chemistry, mathematics, physics, and scientific biography. Each of the sites devoted to a discipline offer definitions, explanations of theories, experiments, and formulas. The biography site offers the most pure history and it contains short entries on more than a thousand personalities. The entries are organized alphabetically, by discipline, by time period, and by nationality. The entries continue to be compiled by the managers of the site from contributions of volunteers in the scientific community.
A general index of topics is provided in the box below. Click the topic of your interest. Users interested in a particular person, place, or topic are also reminded to use the 'Search' or 'Find' function found under 'Edit'.
This site contains an extensive list of links to sites dealing with a wide range of history of science topics. The sites are grouped by topic from general introductions to libraries and graduate student resources. Along with typical web resources, some of the listings here include sources that may be included less often on other link pages: for example, links to listserves and chat pages.
The United Nations has declared 2001 INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF DIALOGUE AMONG CIVILIZATIONS.
This site is dedicated to increasing awareness of the way modern science grew through the dialogue of civilizations, and the contribution dialogue can make to promoting the growth of science in the future.
Although the dominant view in the past has been that the historical roots of modern science only lie within Europe increasing evidence accumulated over the last fifty years reveals the need for a more dialogical approach to the history of science. Understanding the role played by civilizational dialogue in the growth of modern science would also enable us to take more seriously the emerging realization among many leading thinkers that premodern traditions of science contain reservoirs of knowledge urgently needed to deal with serious problems - like environmental and health concerns -that confront the global community.
This site was designed as a resource for a class at the National University of Singapore. The site brings together a sampling of materials dealing with the history and philosophy of science from a multicultural perspective. The author of the site writes that in many instances western and nonwestern thinkers had difficulty integrating the modernist heritage of science with earlier inherited traditions of knowledge. The information included in the site is not always complete, but browsers will likely find the most useful information by following the link to the section "Science and Civilizations." This section is subdivided by scientific field (i.e. astronomy, chemistry, physics, etc.). After selecting a field, the visitor can choose from a list of civilizations or cultures, each of which has a number of links to historical information and, in many cases, a short essay. The site would be most interesting to those hoping to compare various cultural philosophies of science.
the History of Computing Project
Companies that created most of the mile stones in the computing industry
Biographies of computer poioneers and inventors
Timeline of the main events in the history of computing
Hardware developments that made an impact on the development of computers
Software that set a trend in the development of computing
History of Video games
The History of Computing Project is a non-profit, collaborative initiative "to record and publish the history of the computer and its roots in the broadest sense of the word." The site is a large collection of short reports divided into six subcategories: Companies, biographies, timeline, hardware, software, and video games. The site contains many images that supplement the historical text, and there are links to outside sources. The site is growing and as the editors add information to address all of their topics completely, this site will become a one stop source for any computer background topic. As it is, the site is large enough to seem a little unwieldy, and it is not searchable, but the division of categories, and the occasional alphabetical or chronological index, organizes the material into segments that are more accessible.
Ancient Medicine/Medicina Antiqua
http://www.ea.pvt.k12.pa.us/medant/
Ancient Medicine/Medicina Antiqua is a publication devoted to Ancient Greek & Roman medicine and medical thought from Mycenaean times until the fall of the Roman Empire.
Archaic Medical Terms
http://www.gpiag-asthma.org/drpsmith/amt1.htm
"This list covers archaic medical terms and some modern terms that have become everyday language, but have a different meaning or slant when used by doctors or had a different meaning in the past... Generally, the definitions given apply to UK usage and UK spelling (I am a doctor in the UK). If more than one definition is given, they are in order from most likely to least likely."
History of the Health Sciences World Wide Web Links
Organizations in the History of the Health Sciences
History of the Health Sciences Libraries and Archives
History of the Health Sciences Educational Programs
Organizations and Museums with History of the Health Sciences Interests
Important Figures in Health Sciences - Their Lives & Works
Databases
Links Pages
Oaths, Prayers and Symbols
For Children
The History of Diseases
Bibliographies/Chronologies/Histories
Listservs
Newsgroups
Journals
4,000 years of women in science! Did you know that? Women are, and always have been, scientists. This site lists over 125 names from our scientific and technical past. They are all women! This site grew out of the public talks given by Dr. Sethanne Howard, currently with the National Science Foundation. As we learn more, we add it to this page. We hope you will share what you know with us. This includes inventors, scholars and writers as well as mathematicians and astronomers. We hope you enjoy learning about some of these women.
This site documents the history of women in science by providing a long list of biographies including female scientists from a range of disciplines. The site design is old and the navigation is basic, but a large amount of information on certain individuals is available throught this site and its links. The site offers a short introduction, the biographies, a few images, and a bibliography. Visitors can select whether to browse the biographies alphabetically, by date of birth, or by field. The site boasts more than 100 records, but many are one-sentence descriptions which are not useful. Some of the entries give summaries of the women's lives, their significant, and provide links to further online resources devoted that scientist. Other features of the site include an interactive quiz, crossword puzzle, and a long list of links to related sites.
Oral disease has been a problem for humans from the beginning of history. Skulls of Cro-Magnon peoples, who inhabited the earth 25,000 years ago, show evidence of tooth decay. The earliest recorded reference to oral disease is from an ancient (5000 BC) Sumerian text that describes "tooth worms" as a cause of dental decay. There is historical evidence that the Chinese used acupuncture around 2700 BC to treat pain associated with tooth decay.
This History of Dentistry site contains a descriptive narrative that tells the story of how dentistry developed through the ages to become the sophisticated medical science of today. The site begins with facts about prehistoric and ancient ideas about teeth and tooth disease, as well as early method of care and treatment. From there, the writer continues the story under a wide range of subject headings from "The Etruscan Practical Approach" to "The History of Toothpaste." Each article also includes links to endnotes as well. This site is part of the larger South African Dental Association site and there are a host of articles concerning contemporary dental issues that can be accessed from the side bar. The site acts as a primer on dental history and a guide to literary reference.