Mathematics

The Soroban - the traditional Japanese "natural calculating divice" - has unique advantages in the digital age. Soroban is the name given to the traditional Japanese abacus, or calculating frame, which is increasingly being seen as a valuable mathematical tool for a technological age.
It is now certain that Soroban -teaching helps children to develop an active approach to learning, and greatly increased their powers of mental calculation. Development of logical thought processes and powers of concentration flow from the pleasurable disciplines involved in Soroban study.

Bibliography
Published Papers
Books
Conference Papers

This site contains HTML-versions of some original documents related to the early history of calculators.
For more information on the history of calculators, see Erez Kaplan's Calculating Machines, the pre-HP section of Dave Hicks' Museum of HP Calculators, James Redin's Vintage Calculators and Andrew Davie's Slide Rule Trading Post (and their lists of links).
If you are interested in the more recent history of computers, check out the document collections of Ed Thelen and the Computer History Museum.

V.G Sprindzuk was a famous authority on the theory of Diophantine equations, Diophantine approximation and transcendental Number Theory. An alumnus of the Belorussian State University (1954-1959, where he was an undergraduate) and of the State University of Vilnius (1959-1962, where he undertook his postgraduate studies), he obtained his PhD in 1963, and his DSc degree in 1965. In 1969 he was made a full professor and a member of the Editorial Board of the Vesti of the Akademija Nauk BSSR (Mathematics). The following year he joined the Editorial Board of Acta Arithmetica, and in 1986 Prof. Sprindzuk became an Academician of the Belorussian Academy of Sciences.

PDF Biography of Albert Leon Whiteman

PDF Biography of Andrei Weil

Each biographical study here consists of a brief summary of the person's life and work, including, as may be appropriate and available, a photographic or other image, list of publications, and links. In the case of the New Harmony naturalists, there are quite a number of onsite links to species named by them or named in their honor. Many professional photographers have kindly given permission for the use of their work in these links.

The Association for Women in Mathematics (AWM) established the Ernmy Noether Lectures to honor women who have made fundamental and sustained contributions to the mathematical sciences. These one-hour expository lectures are presented at the Joint Mathematics Meetings each January. Emmy Noether was one of the great mathematicians of her time, someone who worked and struggled for what she loved and believed in. Her life and work remain a tremendous inspiration.

Set theory developed with surprising suddenness in the late nineteenth century. The theory was not preceded by the kind of long, evolutionary period that is generally associated with big mathematical breakthroughs. To mention two familiar examples, the calculus and non-Euclidean geometry developed over a period of many years and had contributions from a large number of people. The early development of set theory, by contrast, was very largely due to one man, Georg Cantor (1845-1918).

Branch Foundations
Each branch or field of mathematics may have its own foundational elements, special to the field. These may be the fundamental concepts investigated in the field, fundamental results on which most other results are based, or pervasive methods.