Computers/Information Technology

An excellent resource for those interested in the impact the Internet has made on the lives of Americans. The site holds reports written by staff members and experts, multimedia presentations, data sets covering a variety of topics, press releases and a comprehensive set of links. Incredible amount of primary and secondary source material for researchers.

This site offers films selected from the Prelinger Archives, a privately held collection of 20th-century American ephemeral films (films produced for specific purposes at specific times, not intended for long-term preservation). The site contains more than 800 high-quality digital video files documenting various aspects of 20th-century North American culture, society, leisure, history, industry, technology, and landscape. It includes films produced between 1927 and 1987 by and for U.S. corporations, nonprofit organizations, trade associations, community and interest groups, and educational institutions. Some of the films depict ordinary people in normal daily activities, such as working, dishwashing, driving, and learning proper behavior. For example, one 1955 film illustrates the ¨comfort and delight of jet travel for Pan American World Airways and a 1930s film shows how and where bananas were grown and imported into the United States. The site contains an alphabetical index and printable list of all film titles. Note that viewing these movies requires a DSL or faster connection and, even with a fast connection, many of the movies take several minutes to load. This is an important source for those interested in American Studies, business and labor history, advertising and art history, cinema studies, and cultural history.

Site, which has not been updated since 2002, contains some images of historical computing devices and lectures from Dr. Tim Bergin's History of Computing class at American University. A related bibliography is also made available.

A few discussion threads on programming language and software engineering. Little to offer and outdated. Note: page uses frames-click on Sloan project to access History of Programming Languages and Software Engineering section.

Part of the Library of Congress American Memory Project, this site offers full-text transcriptions of 23 popular 19th-century periodicals digitized by the Cornell University Library and the Preservation Reformatting Division of the Library of Congress. Among the periodicals on this site are literary and political magazines, as well as journals like Scientific American, Manufacturer and Builder, Garden and Forest, and the North American Review. Each periodical is accompanied by very brief (10-15 word) notes on the name and location of the publisher and the years and volumes covered. With the temporary exception of Garden and Forest, each periodical's full text is searchable by keyword and phrase. A special presentation offers a roughly 750-word essay on the historical background of Garden and Forest by Sheila Connor, the Horticultural Research Archivist at the Arnold Arboretum. There are also links to related American Memory resources. The site's broad sampling of periodicals provides an easily navigated source for articles and editorials on a number of 19th-century political, cultural, and social issues.

A Library of Congress Manuscript Division online exhibit to celebrate the Manuscript Division's centenary, this site contains approximately 90 representative documents from the 15th to the mid-20th century. The selected documents include the papers of presidents, cabinet ministers, congressmen, Supereme Court justices, military officers, diplomats, reformers, artists, writers, scientists, and other Americans who made a mark in history. Most items fall with eight categories that reflect the division's strengths: "The Presidency"; "Congress, Law, and Politics"; "Military Affairs"; "Diplomacy and Foreign Policy"; "Arts and Literature"; "Science, Medicine, Exploration, and Invention"; "African-American History and Culture"; "Women's History"; and "Miscellany." Each theme contains a roughly 250-word essay with links to digital reproductions of selected documents. A detailed description (200 words) accompanies each document, and additional information about the collections from which a document came is available through links to the collection records and finding aids. The exhibit also includes roughly 25 images, primarily in the "Science, Medicine, Exploration and Invention" category. There is a special presentation entitled "Collecting, Preserving, and Researching History: A Peek into the Library of Congress Manuscript Division." This site provides a description of the division, its holdings, definitions of terms like "personal papers" and why they are important, how the Library of Congress acquires manuscripts, how the staff prepares, conserves, and stores them, and who uses the documents. The site also has links to the Library of Congress's ordering and reproduction policies, the American Memory site, and to the Library of Congress collection catalogs. This easily navigable site is keyword and subject searchable. This site is ideal for conducting research in many areas of American History, as well as answering the question: "What do archives do?"

Excellent resource for serious research in computer technology fields. The archival collections, including large photographic files, are indexed with strong abstracts, and are both browsable and searchable. However, PDF files of their "research-grade" oral history collection are available online. These recount the experiences of over three hundred individuals whose work developed computers, software, and networking. The site also contains essays on Charles Babbage and the computing industry in Minnesota, as well as PDF files of the CBI Newsletter. The Cray Research Virtual Museum displays many of the large scale computers built by Seymour Cray in the 1950s and 1960s. Links are made to other websites, bibliographies, and research collections and tools.

Time proposes the following to be the most important figures in science and thinking during the twentieth century: Leo Baekeland; Tim Berners-Lee; Rachel Carson; Francis Crick; James Watson; Albert Einstein; Philo Farnsworth; Enrico Fermi; Alexander Fleming; Sigmund Freud; Robert Goddard; Kurt Gödel; Edwin Hubble; John Maynard Keynes; Louis, Mary and Richard Leakey; Jean Piaget; Jonas Salk; William Shockley; Alan Turing; Ludwig Wittgenstein; and Wilbur and Orville Wright. They additionally identify twenty individuals as the twentieth century's most important Leaders and Revolutionaries; Artists and Entertainers; Builders and Titans; and Heroes and Icons. Each entry contains a biography and assessment of the individual's accomplishments, as well as links to related stories from Time's archives.

The National Park Service's online presence for the Edison National Historic Site is a repository for a large amount of Edisonia. This site is geared to be accessible to children, a resource for students, and also an engaging experience for adults. It makes available several of Edison's early sound and motion picture recordings, as well as hundreds of images, both personal and professional. A biography about Edison, and essays about his laboratory, inventions, and life away from science, written by NHS staff, provide compelling secondary material. A bibliography is posted for those interested in further research, and the site contains a list of Edison's astonishing 1,093 patents. A fun and interesting activity is a recreation of the "Edison Mental Fitness Test," which anyone hoping to be a manager in Edison's lab had to pass. An excellent site, useful for a variety of people and purposes.